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Compare Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001) - Tokelau (2002)
Compare Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001) z Tokelau (2002)
| Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of (2001) | Tokelau (2002) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | 123 municipalities (opstini, singular - opstina); Aracinovo, Bac, Belcista, Berovo, Bistrica, Bitola, Blatec, Bogdanci, Bogomila, Bogovinje, Bosilovo, Brvenica, Cair (Skopje), Capari, Caska, Cegrane, Centar (Skopje), Centar Zupa, Cesinovo, Cucer-Sandevo, Debar, Delcevo, Delogozdi, Demir Hisar, Demir Kapija, Dobrusevo, Dolna Banjica, Dolneni, Dorce Petrov (Skopje), Drugovo, Dzepciste, Gazi Baba (Skopje), Gevgelija, Gostivar, Gradsko, Ilinden, Izvor, Jegunovce, Kamenjane, Karbinci, Karpos (Skopje), Kavadarci, Kicevo, Kisela Voda (Skopje), Klecevce, Kocani, Konce, Kondovo, Konopiste, Kosel, Kratovo, Kriva Palanka, Krivogastani, Krusevo, Kuklis, Kukurecani, Kumanovo, Labunista, Lipkovo, Lozovo, Lukovo, Makedonska Kamenica, Makedonski Brod, Mavrovi Anovi, Meseista, Miravci, Mogila, Murtino, Negotino, Negotino-Poloska, Novaci, Novo Selo, Oblesevo, Ohrid, Orasac, Orizari, Oslomej, Pehcevo, Petrovec, Plasnia, Podares, Prilep, Probistip, Radovis, Rankovce, Resen, Rosoman, Rostusa, Samokov, Saraj, Sipkovica, Sopiste, Sopotnika, Srbinovo, Star Dojran, Staravina, Staro Nagoricane, Stip, Struga, Strumica, Studenicani, Suto Orizari (Skopje), Sveti Nikole, Tearce, Tetovo, Topolcani, Valandovo, Vasilevo, Velesta, Veles, Vevcani, Vinica, Vitoliste, Vranestica, Vrapciste, Vratnica, Vrutok, Zajas, Zelenikovo, Zileno, Zitose, Zletovo, Zrnovci
note: the seven municipalities followed by Skopje in parentheses collectively constitute "greater Skopje" |
none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Age structure | 0-14 years:
22.92% (male 243,715; female 225,349) 15-64 years: 66.94% (male 688,484; female 681,225) 65 years and over: 10.14% (male 92,043; female 115,393) (2001 est.) |
0-14 years: 42%
15-64 years: 53% 65 years and over: 5% (1996 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | rice, tobacco, wheat, corn, millet, cotton, sesame, mulberry leaves, citrus, vegetables; beef, pork, poultry, mutton | coconuts, copra, breadfruit, papayas, bananas; pigs, poultry, goats |
| Airports | 16 (2000 est.) | none; lagoon landings are possible by amphibious aircraft (2001) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total:
10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 under 914 m: 8 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total:
6 914 to 1,523 m: 3 under 914 m: 3 (2000 est.) |
- |
| Area | total:
25,333 sq km land: 24,856 sq km water: 477 sq km |
total: 10 sq km
land: 10 sq km water: 0 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly larger than Vermont | about 17 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
| Background | International recognition of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia's (FYROM) independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 was delayed by Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols. Greece finally lifted its trade blockade in 1995, and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, despite continued disagreement over FYROM's use of "Macedonia." FYROM's large Albanian minority and the de facto independence of neighboring Kosovo continue to be sources of ethnic tension. | Originally settled by Polynesian emigrants from surrounding island groups, the Tokelau Islands were made a British protectorate in 1889. They were transferred to New Zealand administration in 1925. |
| Birth rate | 13.5 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA births/1,000 population |
| Budget | revenues:
$1.06 billion expenditures: $1 billion, including capital expenditures of $107 million (1996 est.) |
revenues: $430,830
expenditures: $2.8 million, including capital expenditures of $37,300 |
| Capital | Skopje | none; each atoll has its own administrative center |
| Climate | warm, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall | tropical; moderated by trade winds (April to November) |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) | 101 km |
| Constitution | adopted 17 November 1991, effective 20 November 1991
note: Democratic Party for Albanians (DPA), which is now a member party of the government, is calling for a rewrite of the constitution to declare ethnic Albanians a constituent national group and allow for greater regional autonomy |
administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as amended in 1970 |
| Country name | conventional long form:
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia conventional short form: none local long form: Republika Makedonija local short form: Makedonija abbreviation: FYROM |
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Tokelau |
| Currency | Macedonian denar (MKD) | New Zealand dollar (NZD) |
| Death rate | 7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA deaths/1,000 population |
| Debt - external | $1.4 billion (2000) | $0 |
| Dependency status | - | self-administering territory of New Zealand; note - Tokelauans are drafting a constitution, developing institutions and patterns of self-government as Tokelau moves toward free association with New Zealand |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Michael M. EINIK embassy: Bul. Ilinden bb, 91000 Skopje mailing address: American Embassy Skopje, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521-7120 (pouch) telephone: [389] (91) 116-180 FAX: [389] (91) 117-103 |
none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | chief of mission:
Ambassador Ljubica Z. ACEVSKA chancery: 3050 K Street, NW, Suite 210, Washington, DC 20007 telephone: [1] (202) 337 3063 FAX: [1] (202) 337-3093 consulate(s) general: New York |
none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Disputes - international | dispute with Greece over its name; February 2001 agreement with Yugoslavia settled alignment of boundary, stipulating implementation within two years | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | $100 million from the EU (2000) | from New Zealand about $4 million annually |
| Economy - overview | At independence in November 1991, Macedonia was the least developed of the Yugoslav republics, producing a mere 5% of the total federal output of goods and services. The collapse of Yugoslavia ended transfer payments from the center and eliminated advantages from inclusion in a de facto free trade area. An absence of infrastructure, UN sanctions on its largest market Yugoslavia, and a Greek economic embargo hindered economic growth until 1996. GDP has subsequently increased each year, rising by 5% in 2000. Successful privatization in 2000 boosted the country's reserves to over $700 million. Also, the leadership demonstrated a continuing commitment to economic reform, free trade, and regional integration. Inflation jumped to 11% in 2000, largely due to higher oil prices. | Tokelau's small size (three villages), isolation, and lack of resources greatly restrain economic development and confine agriculture to the subsistence level. The people rely heavily on aid from New Zealand - about $4 million annually - to maintain public services, annual aid being substantially greater than GDP. The principal sources of revenue come from sales of copra, postage stamps, souvenir coins, and handicrafts. Money is also remitted to families from relatives in New Zealand. |
| Electricity - consumption | 5.992 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - exports | 30 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - imports | 75 million kWh (1999) | - |
| Electricity - production | 6.395 billion kWh (1999) | NA kWh |
| Electricity - production by source | fossil fuel:
82.25% hydro: 17.75% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA% |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Vardar River 50 m highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,753 m |
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location 5 m |
| Environment - current issues | air pollution from metallurgical plants | very limited natural resources and overcrowding are contributing to emigration to New Zealand |
| Environment - international agreements | party to:
Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
- |
| Ethnic groups | Macedonian 66.6%, Albanian 22.7%, Turkish 4%, Roma 2.2%, Serb 2.1%, other 2.4% (1994) | Polynesian |
| Exchange rates | Macedonian denars per US dollar - 64.757 (January 2001), 65.904 (2000), 56.902 (1999), 54.462 (1998), 50.004 (1997), 39.981 (1996) | New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997) |
| Executive branch | chief of state:
President Boris TRAJKOVSKI (since 15 December 1999) head of government: Prime Minister Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI (since 30 November 1998) cabinet: Council of Ministers elected by the majority vote of all the deputies in the Assembly; note - current cabinet formed by the government coalition parties VMRO-DPMNE, LDP, and DPA elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 November 1999 (next to be held NA October 2004); prime minister elected by parliament; election last held NA November 1998 (next to be held NA 2002) election results: Boris TRAJKOVSKI elected president on second-round ballot; percent of vote - Boris TRAJKOVSKI 52.4%, Tito PETKOVSKI 46.2% |
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and New Zealand are represented by Administrator Lindsay WATT (since NA March 1993)
head of government: Aliki Faipule Pio TUIA (since NA 2002) cabinet: the Council of Faipule, consisting of three elected leaders - one from each atoll - functions as a cabinet elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade in New Zealand; the head of government is chosen from the Council of Faipule and serves a one-year term |
| Exports | $1.4 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | $98,000 f.o.b. (1983) |
| Exports - commodities | food, beverages, tobacco; miscellaneous manufactures, iron and steel | stamps, copra, handicrafts |
| Exports - partners | Germany 22%, Yugoslavia 22%, US 12%, Greece 7%, Italy 6% (2000) | NZ |
| Fiscal year | calendar year | 1 April - 31 March |
| Flag description | a rising yellow sun with eight rays extending to the edges of the red field | the flag of New Zealand is used |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $9 billion (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1.5 million (1993 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture:
12% industry: 25% services: 63% (2000) |
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA% services: NA% |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $4,400 (2000 est.) | purchasing power parity - $1,000 (1993 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | 5% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 41 50 N, 22 00 E | 9 00 S, 172 00 W |
| Geography - note | landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe | consists of three atolls, each with a lagoon surrounded by a number of reef-bound islets of varying length and rising to over three meters above sea level |
| Highways | total:
8,684 km paved: 5,540 km (including 133 km of expressways) unpaved: 3,144 km (1997) |
total: NA km
paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | increasing transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe | - |
| Imports | $2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) | $323,000 c.i.f. (1983) |
| Imports - commodities | machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels; food products | foodstuffs, building materials, fuel |
| Imports - partners | Germany 13%, Ukraine 13%, Russia 10%, Yugoslavia 8%, Greece 8% (2000) | NZ |
| Independence | 17 September 1991 (from Yugoslavia) | none (territory of New Zealand) |
| Industrial production growth rate | 3% (2000) | NA% |
| Industries | coal, metallic chromium, lead, zinc, ferronickel, textiles, wood products, tobacco | small-scale enterprises for copra production, woodworking, plaited craft goods; stamps, coins; fishing |
| Infant mortality rate | 12.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) | 38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 11% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| International organization participation | ACCT (associate), BIS, CCC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer) | SPC, UNESCO (associate), WHO (associate) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | 6 (2000) | 1 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | 830 sq km (1993 est.) | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Constitutional Court; Judicial Court of the Republic; judges for both courts are elected by the Judicial Council | Supreme Court in New Zealand exercises civil and criminal jurisdiction in Tokelau |
| Labor force | 1 million (1999 est.) | NA |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% | - |
| Land boundaries | total:
748 km border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 228 km, Yugoslavia 221 km |
0 km |
| Land use | arable land:
24% permanent crops: 2% permanent pastures: 25% forests and woodland: 39% other: 10% (1993 est.) |
arable land: 0% (soil is thin and infertile)
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
| Languages | Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3% | Tokelauan (a Polynesian language), English |
| Legal system | based on civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts | New Zealand and local statutes |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Assembly or Sobranje (120 seats - 85 members are elected by popular vote, 35 members come from lists of candidates submitted by parties based on the percentage that parties gain from the overall vote; all serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 18 October and 1 November 1998 (next to be held NA 2002) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - VMRO-DPMNE 43, SDSM 27, PDP 14, DA 13, DPA 11, VMRO-VMRO 6, LDP 4, SP 1, Roma Party 1 |
unicameral General Fono (48 seats; members chosen by each atoll's Council of Elders or Taupulega to serve three-year terms); note - the Tokelau Amendment Act of 1996 confers limited legislative power on the General Fono |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population:
74.02 years male: 71.79 years female: 76.43 years (2001 est.) |
total population: NA years
male: 68 years (2001) female: 70 years (2001) |
| Literacy | definition:
NA total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |
NA |
| Location | Southeastern Europe, north of Greece | Oceania, group of three atolls in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | Europe | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | none (landlocked) | exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2002 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of New Zealand |
| Military branches | Army (includes Air and Air Defense Forces), Police Force | - |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | $76.3 million (FY00/01) | - |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | 2.17% (FY00/01) | - |
| Military manpower - availability | males age 15-49:
548,183 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - fit for military service | males age 15-49:
442,053 (2001 est.) |
- |
| Military manpower - military age | 19 years of age | - |
| Military manpower - reaching military age annually | males:
17,905 (2001 est.) |
- |
| National holiday | Uprising Day, 2 August (1903) | Waitangi Day (Treaty of Waitangi established British sovereignty over New Zealand), 6 February (1840) |
| Nationality | noun:
Macedonian(s) adjective: Macedonian |
noun: Tokelauan(s)
adjective: Tokelauan |
| Natural hazards | high seismic risks | lies in Pacific typhoon belt |
| Natural resources | chromium, lead, zinc, manganese, tungsten, nickel, low-grade iron ore, asbestos, sulfur, timber, arable land | NEGL |
| Net migration rate | -1.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population |
| Pipelines | 10 km | - |
| Political parties and leaders | Democratic Alternative or DA [Vasil TUPURKOVSKI, president]; Democratic Party for Albanians or DPA [Arben XHAFERI, president]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Ljubcho GEORGIEVSKI, president]; Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization-True Macedonian Reform Option or VMRO-VMRO [Boris STOJMANOV]; Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Risto GUSTERVO]; Party for Democratic Prosperity or PDP [Imeri IMERI, president]; Social-Democratic Alliance of Macedonia or SDSM (former Communist Party) [Branko CRVENKOVSKI, president]; Socialist Party of Macedonia or SP [Ljubisav IVANOV, president]; Union of Romanies of Macedonia or SRM [leader NA] | none |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | NA | none |
| Population | 2,046,209 (July 2001 est.) | 1,431 (July 2002 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | 25% (2000 est.) | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 0.43% (2001 est.) | -0.92% (2002 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | none | none; offshore anchorage only |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 29, FM 20, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA
note: each atoll has a radio broadcast station of unknown type that broadcasts shipping and weather reports (1998) |
| Radios | 410,000 (1997) | 1,000 (1997) |
| Railways | total:
699 km standard gauge: 699 km 1.435-m gauge (233 km electrified) note: a 56-km extension of the Kumanovo-Beljakovci line to the Bulgarian border at Gyveshevo is under construction (2001) |
0 km |
| Religions | Macedonian Orthodox 67%, Muslim 30%, other 3% | Congregational Christian Church 70%, Roman Catholic 28%, other 2%
note: on Atafu, all Congregational Christian Church of Samoa; on Nukunonu, all Roman Catholic; on Fakaofo, both denominations, with the Congregational Christian Church predominant |
| Sex ratio | at birth:
1.08 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
NA |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment:
NA domestic: NA international: NA |
general assessment: adequate
domestic: radiotelephone service between islands international: radiotelephone service to Samoa; government-regulated telephone service (TeleTok), with 3 satellite earth stations, established in 1997 |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 408,000 (1997) | NA |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 12,362 (1997) | 0 (2001) |
| Television broadcast stations | 31 (plus 166 repeaters) (1995) | - |
| Terrain | mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River | low-lying coral atolls enclosing large lagoons |
| Total fertility rate | 1.79 children born/woman (2001 est.) | NA children born/woman |
| Unemployment rate | 32% (2000) | NA% |
| Waterways | note:
lake transport only, on the Greek and Albanian borders |
none |
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